What is the definition of a developmental disability according to the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act of 1990?

The definition of a developmental disability, according to the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act of 1990, includes the criteria that the condition must be a severe and chronic disability affecting a person who is five years of age or older. This definition emphasizes that developmental disabilities are not temporary or mild in nature but rather persistent conditions that significantly impact an individual's ability to function in various life areas.

The focus on individuals five years and older distinguishes this category from early childhood development issues, which may be more fluid and might not reach the same level of lifelong impact or chronicity. This clarity aids in ensuring that support and resources are directed appropriately to those who meet the criteria, allowing for the development of targeted services and rights protection for individuals requiring long-term assistance. This understanding is crucial for providing appropriate care and support in various settings, including educational, healthcare, and correctional facilities.